Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review

Assessing the Performance of Kot Diji Fort against Flood Hazards a Lesson from Expected and Unforeseen Events

2026-04-16T21:21:54+00:00

Floods and climate change have caused severe damage to Pakistan's Sindh province, endangering the region's cultural heritage. In addition to examining the effects of climate change on the cultural heritage of the region, this abstract provides a thorough evaluation of disaster response tactics as they affect to Sindh's history. This study explores the overlaps and inconsistencies between disaster management and efforts to preserve cultural heritage using an interdisciplinary approach that includes historical analysis, policy evaluation, and environmental science.

The results highlight how urgent it is to incorporate climate change considerations into strategies for protecting cultural assets and dealing with natural disasters. This calls for proactive risk analysis, flexible planning, and sustainable management of cultural resources. The study highlights the value of knowledge exchange and capacity building among stakeholders, encouraging a group effort to protect Sindh's cultural legacy in the face of shifting environmental conditions.

This case study makes a contribution to bridging the gap between disaster response, climate resilience, and heritage conservation through a comprehensive framework. In order to preserve Sindh's distinctive identity and promote long-term sustainability, it promotes the acknowledgment of cultural heritage as an essential element of comprehensive disaster management plans. This research presents suggestions for developing an integrated paradigm that safeguards both tangible and intangible heritage treasures for future generations as Sindh navigates the difficult difficulties brought on by floods and climate change.

Analysing Vision Mission & Strategic Planning At Higher Education: A Case Study of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa Universities

2026-04-16T21:21:48+00:00

Universities tend to develop vision and mission statements and they are not sure how they will be put to practice in strategic planning, particularly in developing areas such as KP universities. In this study, the aim is to investigate the importance of vision and mission statements as well as their relationship with strategic planning in university. Document analysis was used as a qualitative method of discussing the vision statements, mission statements, and strategic plans of the chosen KP universities. The research discovered that the majority of universities orient in the academic excellence area yet less on social roles. There is poor implementation and evaluation of the strategic plans and there is poor alignment of the vision, mission and strategy. There is a disconnect between planning and practice as the study reveals. Increasing alignment and implementation can assist in the performance and accomplishment of goals by universities in the long term.

Anti-Dumping Measures: A Case of PVC Flooring Sector in Pakistan

2026-04-16T21:21:42+00:00

Free and fair trade is a cornerstone of economic growth, thereby strengthening the nations. The World Trade Organization (WTO) supports free and fair trade through Trade Remedial Laws, including Anti-dumping measures to ensure fair competition and to combat unfair trade practices. This study examines a case where a leading industrial manufacturer initiated an investigation of dumping of PVC flooring, causing material harm to domestic producers. Using qualitative research, the study highlights significant damage during the investigation period, including increased dumped imports, price cutting, and declines in market share, profitability, and efficiency. A direct link between dumped imports and material injury was established, resulting in a 30.60% antidumping duty on imports from the dumping country for five years, with exemptions for specific export-oriented or grant-in-aid projects. This case underscores the importance of regulatory measures to protect domestic industries, thus ensuring fairness in international trade. These principles apply broadly across industry to promote economic stability.

An Analysis of Critical Thinking and Creativity Skills in English Textbooks at the Secondary Level of Sindh, Jamshoro

2026-04-16T21:21:36+00:00

This paper examines how well secondary-level English textbooks provided by the Sindh Textbook Board (STBB) enhance critical thinking and creativity skills, as mandated by provincial curriculum policy. In qualitative content analysis method, English textbooks at Grade IX and X levels were analyzed to determine the nature of the questions, activities and writing in the textbooks in terms of cognitive nature. The analysis followed predetermined pointers of higher-order thinking, such as analytical reasoning, evaluative judgment, and divergent-thinking dimensions, such as fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The results indicate that the textbooks are heavily dominated with rote-based and comprehension-level activities, and students have limited chances to perform a deep analysis, independent thought, or creative expression. There was a lack of critical literacy and the open-ended inquiry and writing activities were mostly reproductive rather than generative. The paper points out a huge mismatch between the curriculum requirement focusing on Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and the pedagogical reality of textbook design. It concludes that the current textbooks cannot be used to promote the cognitive competencies of the 21st century and suggests extensive textbook re-writing, HOTS oriented assessment reform and specific teacher training to overcome the gap between the policy and the practice.